![]() We can use a beaker of water to dissolve a tablespoon of sodium chloride. Some other substances without ionic charge still have partial charges and are also referred to as polar. When the charge is spread out in this way in chemistry, it is referred to as polarity. Ionic substances such as sodium chloride and other salts contain ions. What is the name given to a solvent like water that is able to dissolve ionic substances such as salt? Idea is shown in Figure 5, where the hydrogen bonds are shown as dotted blue lines.Įxample 3: Naming Solvents That Dissolve Ionic Substances Hydrogen bonds form and break continuously as the molecules rotate and move around, colliding with each other and the container. If you were to try to imagine the billions upon billions of water molecules that exist in a glass of water, you could begin to see how Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds but are incredibly important when explaining and describing the physical properties of water. Although we use the word bond, it is not a true chemical bond and is best thought of as an interaction between molecules. We call these weak electrostatic attractions between water molecules’ hydrogen bonds. These attractions can also be referred to as intermolecular forces. Returning to our focus on water, the permanent partial charges in each water molecule cause a weak electrostatic attraction to form between the partial charges of neighboring water molecules. Figure 4: A molecule of ammonia ( N H 3).
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